Polymers are extremely large molecular weight macromolecules formed by small molecular repeating units bonded by covalent bonds and were introduced by Staudinger after 1920. The molecular weight of the polymers can reach hundreds of thousands. Polymer-based materials are playing an increasingly important role in today's society and are an integral part of our lives. According to the main chain structure, polymers can be divided into three main groups: carbon chain polymers, hetero-chain polymers and elemental polymers. Carbon chain polymers refer to polymers whose main chain consists entirely of carbon atoms, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. In addition to carbon atoms, the main chain of hetero-chain polymers also contains oxygen, sulfur and other heteroatoms, such as polyethers. Elemental organic polymers have no carbon atoms in the macromolecular backbone and are mainly composed of atoms such as silicon and boron, such as polysiloxanes.
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